El lugar como microcosmos: enfoques de educación para la ciudadanía comunitaria en escuelas y comunidades rurales

Autores/as

  • Nicolas Martins da Silva University of Porto. Centre for Research and Intervention in Education https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-3174
  • Sofia Marques da Silva University of Porto. Centre for Research and Intervention in Education

Resumen

En el marco de las políticas educativas contemporáneas relativas a la educación para la ciudadanía, que promueven la valorización de la dimensión local de las actividades escolares como contexto privilegiado para el desarrollo de prácticas situadas de ciudadanía (AR, 2018), este artículo analiza los enfoques comunitarios de educación ciudadana implementados en escuelas rurales y en comunidades de las zonas fronterizas del Portugal continental. Desde una perspectiva teórica, se adopta una concepción maximalista de la educación para la ciudadanía, la cual subraya su carácter experiencial y su orientación hacia la comunidad, inspirándose en los planteamientos de la educación basada en el lugar. Dichos enfoques sitúan en el centro las realidades locales, la acción colectiva y la participación de actores comunitarios en los procesos formativos. En términos metodológicos, el estudio se fundamenta en un enfoque de métodos mixtos aplicado en 29 escuelas, que comprendió el análisis documental de proyectos educativos, programas de actividades y estrategias institucionales de ciudadanía; la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas con docentes coordinadores de esta área; y la aplicación de un cuestionario dirigido a estudiantes de educación secundaria. Los resultados evidencian una amplia diversidad de iniciativas y modalidades de participación comunitaria promovidas por las escuelas, orientadas a fomentar el bienestar y a poner en valor las culturas locales. Asimismo, se identifican los distintos roles desempeñados por las instituciones escolares, los agentes comunitarios y los jóvenes en la promoción del bienestar colectivo y en el fortalecimiento de la cohesión social.

Palabras clave

educación para la ciudadanía, educación basada en el lugar, participación comunitaria, escuela rural, estudiantes

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DOI

https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/educar.2589

Publicado

19-02-2026

Cómo citar

Martins da Silva, N., & Marques da Silva, S. (2026). El lugar como microcosmos: enfoques de educación para la ciudadanía comunitaria en escuelas y comunidades rurales. EDUCAR, 62(1), 131–147. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/educar.2589

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Derechos de autor 2026 Nicolas Martins da Silva, Sofia Marques da Silva

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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.