¿La mentoría para mujeres jóvenes introduce la perspectiva feminista? Una revisión sistemática exploratoria
Resumen
Aunque la mentoría para jóvenes en riesgo de exclusión social es una estrategia de intervención educativa muy extendida, poco se ha investigado sobre la mentoría para mujeres jóvenes que persigue la erradicación de las desigualdades de género. A través de una revisión sistemática exploratoria se ha examinado la literatura científica existente sobre mentoría para mujeres jóvenes. Se recopilaron 1.256 estudios de 6 bases de datos especializadas, de los que se seleccionaron 21 trabajos que fueron analizados en profundidad, tres de los cuales se autodefinen como mentorías feministas (femtoring). El análisis ha permitido identificar las principales características de los programas de mentoría para mujeres jóvenes y las implicaciones de la perspectiva feminista en el ámbito socioeducativo. Asimismo, se ofrecen herramientas reflexivas sobre los procesos de empoderamiento que se desprenden de los programas sobre mentoría de aproximación feminista.Palabras clave
mentoría, mujeres jóvenes, revisión, revisión sistemática exploratoria, perspectiva feministaCitas
ARKSEY, H. & O’MALLEY, L. (2005). Scoping studies: toward a methodological framework. International journal of social research methodology, 8(1), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
BANKAR, S.; COLLUMBIEN, M.; DAS, M.; VERMA, R. K.; CISLAGHI, B. & HEISE, L. (2018). Contesting restrictive mobility norms among female mentors implementing a sport based program for young girls in a Mumbai slum. BMC public health, 18(1), 471. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5347-3
BAY-CHENG, L.Y.; LEWIS, A. E.; STEWART, A. J. & MALLEY, J. E. (2006). Disciplining “Girl Talk” The Paradox of Empowerment in a Feminist Mentorship Program. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 13(2), 73-92. https://doi.org/10.1300/J137v13n02_05
BENISHEK, L. A.; BIESCHKE, K. J.; PARK, J. & SLATTERY, S. M. (2004). A multicultural feminist model of mentoring. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 32, 428.
BOGAT, G. A.; LIANG, B. & RIGOL-DAHN, R. M. (2008). Stages of mentoring: An analysis of an intervention for pregnant and parenting adolescents. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 25(4), 325-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-008-0130-4
BROWN, R. N. (2006). Mentoring on the Borderlands: Creating empowering connections between adolescent girls and young women volunteers. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge, 4(3), 13.
BROWN, L. M. & GILLIGAN, C. (1993). Meeting at the crossroads: Women’s psychology and girls’ development. Feminism & Psychology, 3(1), 11-35.
CLUTTERBUCK, D.; POULSEN, K. M. & KOCHAN, F. (2012). Developing successful diversity mentoring programs: An international casebook. United Kingdom: McGraw-Hill Education.
DUBOIS, D. L. & KARCHER, M. J. (Eds.) (2013). Handbook of youth mentoring. California: Sage Publications.
EMPOWERING CARE (2013). Empowering girls in residential care against violence against women. Daphne toolkit (UE) JUST/2012/DAP/AG/3078. Retrieved September 13, 2019, from https://ec.europa.eu/justice/grants/results/daphne-toolkit/content/empowering-care-empowering-girls-residential-care-against-violence-against-women-0_en
EUROSTAT (European Statistics) (2016). Recorded offences by offence category-police data [Dataset]. Retrieved September 13, 2019, from http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-559176_QID_1727C2DE_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=ICCS,L,X,0;UNIT,L,X,1;GEO,L,Y,0;TIME,C,Z,0;INDICATORS,C,Z,1;&zSelection=DS-559176TIME,2015;DS-559176INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;&rankName1=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName3=ICCS_1_2_0_0&rankName4=UNIT_1_2_1_0&rankName5=GEO_1_2_0_1&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=ROLLING&time_most_recent=true&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23
EUROSTAT (2017). Structure of earnings survey: monthly earnings [Dataset]. Retrieved September 13, 2019, from http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do
EUROSTAT (2018). People at risk of poverty or social exclusion by age and sex [Dataset]. Retrieved September 13, 2019, from http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do
FALB, K. L.; TANNER, S.; WARD, L.; ERKSINE, D.; NOBLE, E.; ASSAZENEW, A.; BAKMERE, T.; GRAYBILL, E.; LOWRY, C.; MALIGNA, A. N.; POULTON, C.; ROBINETTE, K.; SOMMER, M. & STARK, L. (2016). Creating opportunities through mentorship, parental involvement, and safe spaces (COMPASS) program: multi-country study protocol to protect girls from violence in humanitarian settings. BMC public health, 16(1), 231. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2894-3
FASSINGER, R. E. & HENSLER-MCGINNIS, N. F. (2005). Multicultural Feminist Mentoring as Individual and Small-Group Pedagogy. In C. Z. ENNS, & A. L. SINACORE (Eds.). Teaching and social justice: Integrating multicultural and feminist theories in the classroom (pp. 143-161). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10929-009
GREESON, J. K. & BOWEN, N. K. (2008). “She holds my hand” The experiences of foster youth with their natural mentors. Children and Youth Services Review, 30(10), 1178-1188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.03.003
HERNANDEZ, P. R.; BLOODHART, B.; BARNES, R. T.; ADAMS, A. S.; CLINTON, S. M.; POLLACK, I.; GODFREY, E.; BURT, M. & FISCHER, E. V. (2017). Promoting professional identity, motivation, and persistence: Benefits of an informal mentoring program for female undergraduate students. Plos one, 12(11), e0187531. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187531
KALPAZIDOU SCHMIDT, E. & FABER, S. T. (2016). Benefits of peer mentoring to mentors, female mentees and higher education institutions. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning, 24(2), 137-157. https://doi.org/10.1080/13611267.2016.1170560
KIRST, M.; LAZGARE, L. P.; ZHANG, Y. J. & O’CAMPO, P. (2015). The effects of social capital and neighborhood characteristics on intimate partner violence: A consideration of social resources and risks. American Journal of Community Psychology, 55(3-4), 314-325. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-015-9716-0
KLAW, E. L.; RHODES, J. E. & FITZGERALD, L. F. (2003). Natural mentors in the lives of African American adolescent mothers: Tracking relationships over time. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 32(3), 223-232. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022551721565
LARSSON, M.; PETTERSSON, C.; ERIKSSON, C. & SKOOG, T. (2016). Initial motives and organizational context enabling female mentors’ engagement in formal mentoring–A qualitative study from the mentors’ perspective. Children and Youth Services Review, 71, 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.10.026
LARSSON, M.; PETTERSSON, C.; SKOOG, T. & ERIKSSON, C. (2016). Enabling relationship formation, development, and closure in a one-year female mentoring program at a non-governmental organization: a mixed-method study. BMC public health, 16(1), 179. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2850-2
LEVINE, R. B.; MECHABER, H. F.; REDDY, S. T.; CAYEA, D. & HARRISON, R. A. (2013). “A good career choice for women”: female medical students’ mentoring experiences: a multi-institutional qualitative study. Academic Medicine, 88(4), 527-534. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31828578bb
LECK, J. D.; ELLIOTT, C. & ROCKWELL, B. (2012). E-Mentoring women: Lessons learned from a pilot program. Journal of Diversity Management (Online), 7(2), 83. https://doi.org/10.19030/jdm.v7i2.7476
LIANG, B.; BOGAT, A. & DUFFY, N. (2013). Gender in mentoring relationships. In Handbook of Youth Mentoring (pp. 159-174). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412996907.n11
LIANG, B.; TRACY, A. J.; TAYLOR, C. A. & WILLIAMS, L. M. (2002). Mentoring college-age women: A relational approach. American journal of community psychology, 30(2), 271-288. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014637112531
LINDSAY-DENNIS, L.; CUMMINGS, L. & MCCLENDON, S. C. (2011). Mentors’ reflections on developing a culturally responsive mentoring initiative for urban African American girls. Black Women, Gender + Families, 5(2), 66-92. https://doi.org/10.5406/blacwomegendfami.5.2.0066
MCGILL, J.; ADLER-BAEDER, F.; SOLLIE, D. L. & KERPELMAN, J. L. (2015). Exploring the experiences of female emerging adult mentors: Building a conceptual model. Journal of Adolescent Research, 30(5), 538-564. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558414538317
MEZEY, G.; MEYER, D.; ROBINSON, F.; BONELL, C.; CAMPBELL, R.; GILLARD, S.; JORDAN, P.; MANTOVANI, N.; WELLINGS, K. & WHITE, S. (2015). Developing and piloting a peer mentoring intervention to reduce teenage pregnancy in looked-after children and care leavers: an exploratory randomised controlled trial. Health Technology Assessment, 19(85). https://doi.org/10.3310/hta19850
NEWTON, J. A.; HARRIS, T. O.; HUBBARD, K. & CRAIG, T. K. J. (2017). Mentoring During the Transition from Care to Prevent Depression: Care Leavers’ Perspectives. Practice, 29(5), 317-330. https://doi.org/10.1080/09503153.2017.1329414
OBSERVATORI IQ (2016). Población activa, según el sexo y nivel formativo superado. Cataluña, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2019, from http://iqobservatori.org/poblacio-activa-segons-sexe-i-nivell-de-formacio-assolit-catalunya-2011-2016
OBSERVATORIO NOCTÁMBUL@S (2017). 4º Informe anual 2016-2017. Observatorio sobre la relación entre el consumo de drogas y las violencias sexuales en contextos de ocio nocturno. Retrieved September 13, 2019, from https://www.drogasgenero.info/4o-informe-noctambulas-2016-17-ya-on-line/
PHIPPS, A. (2007). Re-inscribing gender binaries: Deconstructing the dominant discourse around women’s equality in science, engineering, and technology. The sociological review, 55(4), 768-787. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2007.00744.x
RHODES, J. E. (2005). A model of youth mentoring. In DUBOIS, D. L., & KARCHER, M. J. (Eds.). Handbook of youth mentoring (pp. 30-43). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412976664.n3
RUSSELL, L.; ALSOP, R.; BRADSHAW, L.; CLISBY, S. & SMITH, K. (2016). The state of girls’ rights in the UK. London: Plan international UK.
SANGHERA, G. S. & THAPAR-BJORKERT, S. (2017). Transnationalism, social capital and gender–young Pakistani Muslim women in Bradford, UK. Migration Letters. https://doi.org/10.33182/ml.v14i1.318
SEGATO, R. (2003). Las Estructuras Elementales de la Violencia. Ensayos sobre género entre la Antropología, el Psicoanálisis y los DD. HH. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Prometeo 3010, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.
SPENCER, R. & LIANG, B. (2009). “She gives me a break from the world”: Formal youth mentoring relationships between adolescent girls and adult women. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 30(2), 109-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-009-0172-1
TORTOLANI, C. C. (2011). StrongLinks: a mixed methods study exploring urban ethnic girls’ experiences, connections and relationships (PhD). Universidad de Northeaster, Boston.
VERGE, T.; FERRER-FONS, M. & GONZÁLEZ, M. J. (2018). Resistance to mainstreaming gender into the higher education curriculum. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 25(1), 86-101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350506816688237
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (2017). Rights, results and resilience: Rapid implementation of the 2030 Agenda. Retrieved from https://annualreport.unwomen.org/en/2017
Publicado
Descargas
Derechos de autor 2020 Mireia Foradada Villar, Josefina Sala Roca
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.